API Reference

graphviz.Graph

Graph source code in the DOT language.

graphviz.Digraph

Directed graph source code in the DOT language.

graphviz.Source

Verbatim DOT source code string to be rendered by Graphviz.

graphviz.escape

Return string disabling special meaning of backslashes and '<...>'.

graphviz.nohtml

Return string not treating '<...>' as DOT HTML string in quoting.

graphviz.ExecutableNotFound

RuntimeError raised if the Graphviz executable is not found.

graphviz.CalledProcessError

CalledProcessError raised if a subprocess returncode is not 0.

graphviz.RequiredArgumentError

TypeError raised if a required argument is missing.

graphviz.render

Render file with engine into format and return result filename.

graphviz.pipe

Return data (bytes) piped through engine into format as bytes.

graphviz.pipe_string

Return input_string piped through engine into format as string.

graphviz.unflatten

Return DOT source piped through unflatten preprocessor as string.

graphviz.view

Open filepath with its default viewing application (platform-specific).

graphviz.version

Return the upstream version number tuple from stderr of dot -V.

Hint

The two main classes Graph and Digraph (creating undirected vs. directed graphs) have exactly the same API. Their division reflects the fact that both graph syntaxes cannot be mixed.

Graph

class graphviz.Graph(name=None, comment=None, filename=None, directory=None, format=None, engine=None, encoding='utf-8', graph_attr=None, node_attr=None, edge_attr=None, body=None, strict=False, *, renderer=None, formatter=None)[source]

Graph source code in the DOT language.

Parameters:
  • name (Optional[str]) – Graph name used in the source code.

  • comment (Optional[str]) – Comment added to the first line of the source.

  • filename – Filename for saving the source (defaults to name + '.gv').

  • directory – (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.

  • format (Optional[str]) – Rendering output format ('pdf', 'png', …).

  • engine (Optional[str]) – Layout command used ('dot', 'neato', …).

  • renderer (Optional[str]) – Output renderer used ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • formatter (Optional[str]) – Output formatter used ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • encoding (Optional[str]) – Encoding for saving the source.

  • graph_attr – Mapping of (attribute, value) pairs for the graph.

  • node_attr – Mapping of (attribute, value) pairs set for all nodes.

  • edge_attr – Mapping of (attribute, value) pairs set for all edges.

  • body – Iterable of verbatim lines (including their final newline) to add to the graph body.

  • strict (bool) – Rendering should merge multi-edges.

Note

All parameters are optional and can be changed under their corresponding attribute name after instance creation.

__iter__(subgraph=False)

Yield the DOT source code line by line (as graph or subgraph).

Yields: Line ending with a newline ('\n').

Return type:

Iterator[str]

_repr_mimebundle_(include=None, exclude=None, **_)

Return the rendered graph as IPython mimebundle.

Parameters:
  • include (Optional[Iterable[str]]) – Iterable of mimetypes to include in the result. If not given or None: ['image/sxg+xml'].

  • exclude (Optional[Iterable[str]]) – Iterable of minetypes to exclude from the result. Overrides include.

Return type:

Dict[str, Union[bytes, str]]

Returns:

Mapping from mimetypes to data.

Example

>>> doctest_mark_exe()
>>> import graphviz
>>> dot = graphviz.Graph()
>>> dot._repr_mimebundle_()  
{'image/svg+xml': '<?xml version=...
>>> dot._repr_mimebundle_(include=['image/png'])  
{'image/png': b'\x89PNG...
>>> dot._repr_mimebundle_(include=[])
{}
>>> dot._repr_mimebundle_(include=['image/svg+xml', 'image/jpeg'],
...                       exclude=['image/svg+xml'])  
{'image/jpeg': b'\xff...
>>> list(dot._repr_mimebundle_(include=['image/png', 'image/jpeg']))
['image/jpeg', 'image/png']
attr(kw=None, _attributes=None, **attrs)

Add a general or graph/node/edge attribute statement.

Parameters:
  • kw (Optional[str]) – Attributes target (None or 'graph', 'node', 'edge').

  • attrs – Attributes to be set (must be strings, may be empty).

Return type:

None

See the usage examples in the User Guide.

body

Verbatim DOT source lines including final newline.

Type:

List[str]

clear(keep_attrs=False)

Reset content to an empty body, clear graph/node/egde_attr mappings.

Parameters:

keep_attrs (bool) – preserve graph/node/egde_attr mappings

Return type:

None

comment

DOT source comment for the first source line.

Type:

str

copy()

Return a copied instance of the object.

Returns:

An independent copy of the current object.

property directed: bool

False

edge(tail_name, head_name, label=None, _attributes=None, **attrs)

Create an edge between two nodes.

Parameters:
  • tail_name (str) – Start node identifier (format: node[:port[:compass]]).

  • head_name (str) – End node identifier (format: node[:port[:compass]]).

  • label (Optional[str]) – Caption to be displayed near the edge.

  • attrs – Any additional edge attributes (must be strings).

Return type:

None

Note

The tail_name and head_name strings are separated by (optional) colon(s) into node name, port name, and compass (e.g. sw). See details in the User Guide.

Attention

When rendering label, backslash-escapes and strings of the form <...> have a special meaning. See the sections Backslash escapes and Quoting and HTML-like labels in the user guide for details.

edge_attr

Attribute-value pairs applying to all edges.

Type:

Dict[str, str]

edges(tail_head_iter)

Create a bunch of edges.

Parameters:

tail_head_iter – Iterable of (tail_name, head_name) pairs (format:node[:port[:compass]]).

Return type:

None

Note

The tail_name and head_name strings are separated by (optional) colon(s) into node name, port name, and compass (e.g. sw). See details in the User Guide.

property encoding: str

The encoding for the saved source file.

property engine: str

The layout engine used for rendering ('dot', 'neato', …).

filename

Target file name for saving the DOT source file.

Type:

str

property filepath: str

The target path for saving the DOT source file.

property format: str

The output format used for rendering ('pdf', 'png', …).

property formatter: str | None

The output formatter used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

graph_attr

Attribute-value pairs applying to the graph.

Type:

Dict[str, str]

name

DOT source identifier for the graph or digraph statement.

Type:

str

node(name, label=None, _attributes=None, **attrs)

Create a node.

Parameters:
  • name (str) – Unique identifier for the node inside the source.

  • label (Optional[str]) – Caption to be displayed (defaults to the node name).

  • attrs – Any additional node attributes (must be strings).

Return type:

None

Attention

When rendering label, backslash-escapes and strings of the form <...> have a special meaning. See the sections Backslash escapes and Quoting and HTML-like labels in the user guide for details.

node_attr

Attribute-value pairs applying to all nodes.

Type:

Dict[str, str]

pipe(format=None, renderer=None, formatter=None, neato_no_op=None, quiet=False, *, engine=None, encoding=None)

Return the source piped through the Graphviz layout command.

Parameters:
  • format (Optional[str]) – The output format used for rendering ('pdf', 'png', etc.).

  • renderer (Optional[str]) – The output renderer used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • formatter (Optional[str]) – The output formatter used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • neato_no_op (Union[bool, int, None]) – Neato layout engine no-op flag.

  • quiet (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the layout subprocess.

  • engine (Optional[str]) – Layout engine for rendering ('dot', 'neato', …).

  • encoding (Optional[str]) – Encoding for decoding the stdout.

Return type:

Union[bytes, str]

Returns:

Bytes or if encoding is given decoded string

(stdout of the layout command).

Raises:

Example

>>> doctest_mark_exe()
>>> import graphviz
>>> source = 'graph { spam }'
>>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe()[:14]
b'<?xml version='
>>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe(encoding='ascii')[:14]
'<?xml version='
>>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe(encoding='utf-8')[:14]
'<?xml version='
render(filename=None, directory=None, view=False, cleanup=False, format=None, renderer=None, formatter=None, neato_no_op=None, quiet=False, quiet_view=False, *, outfile=None, engine=None, raise_if_result_exists=False, overwrite_source=False)

Save the source to file and render with the Graphviz engine.

Parameters:
  • filename (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – Filename for saving the source (defaults to name + '.gv').s

  • directory (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.

  • view (bool) – Open the rendered result with the default application.

  • cleanup (bool) – Delete the source file after successful rendering.

  • format (Optional[str]) – The output format used for rendering ('pdf', 'png', etc.).

  • renderer (Optional[str]) – The output renderer used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • formatter (Optional[str]) – The output formatter used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • neato_no_op (Union[bool, int, None]) – Neato layout engine no-op flag.

  • quiet (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the layout subprocess.

  • quiet_view (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the viewer process (implies view=True, ineffective on Windows platform).

  • outfile (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – Path for the rendered output file.

  • engine (Optional[str]) – Layout engine for rendering ('dot', 'neato', …).

  • raise_if_result_exists (bool) – Raise graphviz.FileExistsError if the result file exists.

  • overwrite_source (bool) – Allow dot to write to the file it reads from. Incompatible with raise_if_result_exists.

Return type:

str

Returns:

The (possibly relative) path of the rendered file.

Raises:

Example

>>> doctest_mark_exe()
>>> import graphviz
>>> dot = graphviz.Graph(name='spam', directory='doctest-output')
>>> dot.render(format='png').replace('\\', '/')
'doctest-output/spam.gv.png'
>>> dot.render(outfile='spam.svg').replace('\\', '/')
'doctest-output/spam.svg'

Note

The layout command is started from the directory of filepath, so that references to external files (e.g. [image=images/camelot.png]) can be given as paths relative to the DOT source file.

property renderer: str | None

The output renderer used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

save(filename=None, directory=None, *, skip_existing=False)

Save the DOT source to file. Ensure the file ends with a newline.

Parameters:
  • filename (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – Filename for saving the source (defaults to name + '.gv')

  • directory (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.

  • skip_existing (Optional[bool]) – Skip write if file exists (default: False).

Return type:

str

Returns:

The (possibly relative) path of the saved source file.

property source: str

The generated DOT source code as string.

strict

Rendering should merge multi-edges.

Type:

bool

subgraph(graph=None, name=None, comment=None, graph_attr=None, node_attr=None, edge_attr=None, body=None)
Add the current content of the given sole graph argument

as subgraph or return a context manager returning a new graph instance created with the given (name, comment, etc.) arguments whose content is added as subgraph when leaving the context manager’s with-block.

Parameters:
  • graph – An instance of the same kind (Graph, Digraph) as the current graph (sole argument in non-with-block use).

  • name (Optional[str]) – Subgraph name (with-block use).

  • comment (Optional[str]) – Subgraph comment (with-block use).

  • graph_attr – Subgraph-level attribute-value mapping (with-block use).

  • node_attr – Node-level attribute-value mapping (with-block use).

  • edge_attr – Edge-level attribute-value mapping (with-block use).

  • body – Verbatim lines to add to the subgraph body (with-block use).

See the usage examples in the User Guide.

When used as a context manager, the returned new graph instance uses strict=None and the parent graph’s values for directory, format, engine, and encoding by default.

Note

If the name of the subgraph begins with 'cluster' (all lowercase) the layout engine will treat it as a special cluster subgraph.

unflatten(stagger=None, fanout=False, chain=None)
Return a new Source instance with the source

piped through the Graphviz unflatten preprocessor.

Parameters:
  • stagger (Optional[int]) – Stagger the minimum length of leaf edges between 1 and this small integer.

  • fanout (bool) – Fanout nodes with indegree = outdegree = 1 when staggering (requires stagger).

  • chain (Optional[int]) – Form disconnected nodes into chains of up to this many nodes.

Return type:

Source

Returns:

Prepocessed DOT source code (improved layout aspect ratio).

Raises:

See also

Upstream documentation: https://www.graphviz.org/pdf/unflatten.1.pdf

view(filename=None, directory=None, cleanup=False, quiet=False, quiet_view=False)

Save the source to file, open the rendered result in a viewer.

Convenience short-cut for running .render(view=True).

Parameters:
  • filename (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – Filename for saving the source (defaults to name + '.gv').

  • directory (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.

  • cleanup (bool) – Delete the source file after successful rendering.

  • quiet (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the layout subprocess.

  • quiet_view (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the viewer process (ineffective on Windows).

Return type:

str

Returns:

The (possibly relative) path of the rendered file.

Raises:

Short-cut method for calling render() with view=True.

Note

There is no option to wait for the application to close, and no way to retrieve the application’s exit status.

Digraph

class graphviz.Digraph(name=None, comment=None, filename=None, directory=None, format=None, engine=None, encoding='utf-8', graph_attr=None, node_attr=None, edge_attr=None, body=None, strict=False, *, renderer=None, formatter=None)[source]

Directed graph source code in the DOT language.

Parameters:
  • name (Optional[str]) – Graph name used in the source code.

  • comment (Optional[str]) – Comment added to the first line of the source.

  • filename – Filename for saving the source (defaults to name + '.gv').

  • directory – (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.

  • format (Optional[str]) – Rendering output format ('pdf', 'png', …).

  • engine (Optional[str]) – Layout command used ('dot', 'neato', …).

  • renderer (Optional[str]) – Output renderer used ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • formatter (Optional[str]) – Output formatter used ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • encoding (Optional[str]) – Encoding for saving the source.

  • graph_attr – Mapping of (attribute, value) pairs for the graph.

  • node_attr – Mapping of (attribute, value) pairs set for all nodes.

  • edge_attr – Mapping of (attribute, value) pairs set for all edges.

  • body – Iterable of verbatim lines (including their final newline) to add to the graph body.

  • strict (bool) – Rendering should merge multi-edges.

Note

All parameters are optional and can be changed under their corresponding attribute name after instance creation.

__iter__(subgraph=False)

Yield the DOT source code line by line (as graph or subgraph).

Yields: Line ending with a newline ('\n').

Return type:

Iterator[str]

_repr_mimebundle_(include=None, exclude=None, **_)

Return the rendered graph as IPython mimebundle.

Parameters:
  • include (Optional[Iterable[str]]) – Iterable of mimetypes to include in the result. If not given or None: ['image/sxg+xml'].

  • exclude (Optional[Iterable[str]]) – Iterable of minetypes to exclude from the result. Overrides include.

Return type:

Dict[str, Union[bytes, str]]

Returns:

Mapping from mimetypes to data.

Example

>>> doctest_mark_exe()
>>> import graphviz
>>> dot = graphviz.Graph()
>>> dot._repr_mimebundle_()  
{'image/svg+xml': '<?xml version=...
>>> dot._repr_mimebundle_(include=['image/png'])  
{'image/png': b'\x89PNG...
>>> dot._repr_mimebundle_(include=[])
{}
>>> dot._repr_mimebundle_(include=['image/svg+xml', 'image/jpeg'],
...                       exclude=['image/svg+xml'])  
{'image/jpeg': b'\xff...
>>> list(dot._repr_mimebundle_(include=['image/png', 'image/jpeg']))
['image/jpeg', 'image/png']
attr(kw=None, _attributes=None, **attrs)

Add a general or graph/node/edge attribute statement.

Parameters:
  • kw (Optional[str]) – Attributes target (None or 'graph', 'node', 'edge').

  • attrs – Attributes to be set (must be strings, may be empty).

Return type:

None

See the usage examples in the User Guide.

body

Verbatim DOT source lines including final newline.

Type:

List[str]

clear(keep_attrs=False)

Reset content to an empty body, clear graph/node/egde_attr mappings.

Parameters:

keep_attrs (bool) – preserve graph/node/egde_attr mappings

Return type:

None

comment

DOT source comment for the first source line.

Type:

str

copy()

Return a copied instance of the object.

Returns:

An independent copy of the current object.

property directed: bool

True

edge(tail_name, head_name, label=None, _attributes=None, **attrs)

Create an edge between two nodes.

Parameters:
  • tail_name (str) – Start node identifier (format: node[:port[:compass]]).

  • head_name (str) – End node identifier (format: node[:port[:compass]]).

  • label (Optional[str]) – Caption to be displayed near the edge.

  • attrs – Any additional edge attributes (must be strings).

Return type:

None

Note

The tail_name and head_name strings are separated by (optional) colon(s) into node name, port name, and compass (e.g. sw). See details in the User Guide.

Attention

When rendering label, backslash-escapes and strings of the form <...> have a special meaning. See the sections Backslash escapes and Quoting and HTML-like labels in the user guide for details.

edge_attr

Attribute-value pairs applying to all edges.

Type:

Dict[str, str]

edges(tail_head_iter)

Create a bunch of edges.

Parameters:

tail_head_iter – Iterable of (tail_name, head_name) pairs (format:node[:port[:compass]]).

Return type:

None

Note

The tail_name and head_name strings are separated by (optional) colon(s) into node name, port name, and compass (e.g. sw). See details in the User Guide.

property encoding: str

The encoding for the saved source file.

property engine: str

The layout engine used for rendering ('dot', 'neato', …).

filename

Target file name for saving the DOT source file.

Type:

str

property filepath: str

The target path for saving the DOT source file.

property format: str

The output format used for rendering ('pdf', 'png', …).

property formatter: str | None

The output formatter used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

graph_attr

Attribute-value pairs applying to the graph.

Type:

Dict[str, str]

name

DOT source identifier for the graph or digraph statement.

Type:

str

node(name, label=None, _attributes=None, **attrs)

Create a node.

Parameters:
  • name (str) – Unique identifier for the node inside the source.

  • label (Optional[str]) – Caption to be displayed (defaults to the node name).

  • attrs – Any additional node attributes (must be strings).

Return type:

None

Attention

When rendering label, backslash-escapes and strings of the form <...> have a special meaning. See the sections Backslash escapes and Quoting and HTML-like labels in the user guide for details.

node_attr

Attribute-value pairs applying to all nodes.

Type:

Dict[str, str]

pipe(format=None, renderer=None, formatter=None, neato_no_op=None, quiet=False, *, engine=None, encoding=None)

Return the source piped through the Graphviz layout command.

Parameters:
  • format (Optional[str]) – The output format used for rendering ('pdf', 'png', etc.).

  • renderer (Optional[str]) – The output renderer used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • formatter (Optional[str]) – The output formatter used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • neato_no_op (Union[bool, int, None]) – Neato layout engine no-op flag.

  • quiet (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the layout subprocess.

  • engine (Optional[str]) – Layout engine for rendering ('dot', 'neato', …).

  • encoding (Optional[str]) – Encoding for decoding the stdout.

Return type:

Union[bytes, str]

Returns:

Bytes or if encoding is given decoded string

(stdout of the layout command).

Raises:

Example

>>> doctest_mark_exe()
>>> import graphviz
>>> source = 'graph { spam }'
>>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe()[:14]
b'<?xml version='
>>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe(encoding='ascii')[:14]
'<?xml version='
>>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe(encoding='utf-8')[:14]
'<?xml version='
render(filename=None, directory=None, view=False, cleanup=False, format=None, renderer=None, formatter=None, neato_no_op=None, quiet=False, quiet_view=False, *, outfile=None, engine=None, raise_if_result_exists=False, overwrite_source=False)

Save the source to file and render with the Graphviz engine.

Parameters:
  • filename (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – Filename for saving the source (defaults to name + '.gv').s

  • directory (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.

  • view (bool) – Open the rendered result with the default application.

  • cleanup (bool) – Delete the source file after successful rendering.

  • format (Optional[str]) – The output format used for rendering ('pdf', 'png', etc.).

  • renderer (Optional[str]) – The output renderer used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • formatter (Optional[str]) – The output formatter used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • neato_no_op (Union[bool, int, None]) – Neato layout engine no-op flag.

  • quiet (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the layout subprocess.

  • quiet_view (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the viewer process (implies view=True, ineffective on Windows platform).

  • outfile (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – Path for the rendered output file.

  • engine (Optional[str]) – Layout engine for rendering ('dot', 'neato', …).

  • raise_if_result_exists (bool) – Raise graphviz.FileExistsError if the result file exists.

  • overwrite_source (bool) – Allow dot to write to the file it reads from. Incompatible with raise_if_result_exists.

Return type:

str

Returns:

The (possibly relative) path of the rendered file.

Raises:

Example

>>> doctest_mark_exe()
>>> import graphviz
>>> dot = graphviz.Graph(name='spam', directory='doctest-output')
>>> dot.render(format='png').replace('\\', '/')
'doctest-output/spam.gv.png'
>>> dot.render(outfile='spam.svg').replace('\\', '/')
'doctest-output/spam.svg'

Note

The layout command is started from the directory of filepath, so that references to external files (e.g. [image=images/camelot.png]) can be given as paths relative to the DOT source file.

property renderer: str | None

The output renderer used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

save(filename=None, directory=None, *, skip_existing=False)

Save the DOT source to file. Ensure the file ends with a newline.

Parameters:
  • filename (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – Filename for saving the source (defaults to name + '.gv')

  • directory (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.

  • skip_existing (Optional[bool]) – Skip write if file exists (default: False).

Return type:

str

Returns:

The (possibly relative) path of the saved source file.

property source: str

The generated DOT source code as string.

strict

Rendering should merge multi-edges.

Type:

bool

subgraph(graph=None, name=None, comment=None, graph_attr=None, node_attr=None, edge_attr=None, body=None)
Add the current content of the given sole graph argument

as subgraph or return a context manager returning a new graph instance created with the given (name, comment, etc.) arguments whose content is added as subgraph when leaving the context manager’s with-block.

Parameters:
  • graph – An instance of the same kind (Graph, Digraph) as the current graph (sole argument in non-with-block use).

  • name (Optional[str]) – Subgraph name (with-block use).

  • comment (Optional[str]) – Subgraph comment (with-block use).

  • graph_attr – Subgraph-level attribute-value mapping (with-block use).

  • node_attr – Node-level attribute-value mapping (with-block use).

  • edge_attr – Edge-level attribute-value mapping (with-block use).

  • body – Verbatim lines to add to the subgraph body (with-block use).

See the usage examples in the User Guide.

When used as a context manager, the returned new graph instance uses strict=None and the parent graph’s values for directory, format, engine, and encoding by default.

Note

If the name of the subgraph begins with 'cluster' (all lowercase) the layout engine will treat it as a special cluster subgraph.

unflatten(stagger=None, fanout=False, chain=None)
Return a new Source instance with the source

piped through the Graphviz unflatten preprocessor.

Parameters:
  • stagger (Optional[int]) – Stagger the minimum length of leaf edges between 1 and this small integer.

  • fanout (bool) – Fanout nodes with indegree = outdegree = 1 when staggering (requires stagger).

  • chain (Optional[int]) – Form disconnected nodes into chains of up to this many nodes.

Return type:

Source

Returns:

Prepocessed DOT source code (improved layout aspect ratio).

Raises:

See also

Upstream documentation: https://www.graphviz.org/pdf/unflatten.1.pdf

view(filename=None, directory=None, cleanup=False, quiet=False, quiet_view=False)

Save the source to file, open the rendered result in a viewer.

Convenience short-cut for running .render(view=True).

Parameters:
  • filename (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – Filename for saving the source (defaults to name + '.gv').

  • directory (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.

  • cleanup (bool) – Delete the source file after successful rendering.

  • quiet (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the layout subprocess.

  • quiet_view (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the viewer process (ineffective on Windows).

Return type:

str

Returns:

The (possibly relative) path of the rendered file.

Raises:

Short-cut method for calling render() with view=True.

Note

There is no option to wait for the application to close, and no way to retrieve the application’s exit status.

Source

class graphviz.Source(source, filename=None, directory=None, format=None, engine=None, encoding='utf-8', *, renderer=None, formatter=None, loaded_from_path=None)[source]

Verbatim DOT source code string to be rendered by Graphviz.

Parameters:
  • source (str) – The verbatim DOT source code string.

  • filename (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – Filename for saving the source (defaults to 'Source.gv').

  • directory (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.

  • format (Optional[str]) – Rendering output format ('pdf', 'png', …).

  • engine (Optional[str]) – Layout engine used ('dot', 'neato', …).

  • encoding (Optional[str]) – Encoding for saving the source.

Note

All parameters except source are optional. All of them can be changed under their corresponding attribute name after instance creation.

__iter__()[source]

Yield the DOT source code read from file line by line.

Yields: Line ending with a newline ('\n').

Return type:

Iterator[str]

_repr_mimebundle_(include=None, exclude=None, **_)

Return the rendered graph as IPython mimebundle.

Parameters:
  • include (Optional[Iterable[str]]) – Iterable of mimetypes to include in the result. If not given or None: ['image/sxg+xml'].

  • exclude (Optional[Iterable[str]]) – Iterable of minetypes to exclude from the result. Overrides include.

Return type:

Dict[str, Union[bytes, str]]

Returns:

Mapping from mimetypes to data.

Example

>>> doctest_mark_exe()
>>> import graphviz
>>> dot = graphviz.Graph()
>>> dot._repr_mimebundle_()  
{'image/svg+xml': '<?xml version=...
>>> dot._repr_mimebundle_(include=['image/png'])  
{'image/png': b'\x89PNG...
>>> dot._repr_mimebundle_(include=[])
{}
>>> dot._repr_mimebundle_(include=['image/svg+xml', 'image/jpeg'],
...                       exclude=['image/svg+xml'])  
{'image/jpeg': b'\xff...
>>> list(dot._repr_mimebundle_(include=['image/png', 'image/jpeg']))
['image/jpeg', 'image/png']
copy()

Return a copied instance of the object.

Returns:

An independent copy of the current object.

property encoding: str

The encoding for the saved source file.

property engine: str

The layout engine used for rendering ('dot', 'neato', …).

filename

Target file name for saving the DOT source file.

Type:

str

property filepath: str

The target path for saving the DOT source file.

property format: str

The output format used for rendering ('pdf', 'png', …).

property formatter: str | None

The output formatter used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

classmethod from_file(cls, filename, directory=None, format=None, engine=None, encoding='utf-8', renderer=None, formatter=None)[source]

Return an instance with the source string read from the given file.

Parameters:
  • filename (Union[PathLike, str]) – Filename for loading/saving the source.

  • directory (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – (Sub)directory for source loading/saving and rendering.

  • format (Optional[str]) – Rendering output format ('pdf', 'png', …).

  • engine (Optional[str]) – Layout command used ('dot', 'neato', …).

  • encoding (Optional[str]) – Encoding for loading/saving the source.

Return type:

Source

pipe(format=None, renderer=None, formatter=None, neato_no_op=None, quiet=False, *, engine=None, encoding=None)

Return the source piped through the Graphviz layout command.

Parameters:
  • format (Optional[str]) – The output format used for rendering ('pdf', 'png', etc.).

  • renderer (Optional[str]) – The output renderer used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • formatter (Optional[str]) – The output formatter used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • neato_no_op (Union[bool, int, None]) – Neato layout engine no-op flag.

  • quiet (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the layout subprocess.

  • engine (Optional[str]) – Layout engine for rendering ('dot', 'neato', …).

  • encoding (Optional[str]) – Encoding for decoding the stdout.

Return type:

Union[bytes, str]

Returns:

Bytes or if encoding is given decoded string

(stdout of the layout command).

Raises:

Example

>>> doctest_mark_exe()
>>> import graphviz
>>> source = 'graph { spam }'
>>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe()[:14]
b'<?xml version='
>>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe(encoding='ascii')[:14]
'<?xml version='
>>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe(encoding='utf-8')[:14]
'<?xml version='
render(filename=None, directory=None, view=False, cleanup=False, format=None, renderer=None, formatter=None, neato_no_op=None, quiet=False, quiet_view=False, *, outfile=None, engine=None, raise_if_result_exists=False, overwrite_source=False)

Save the source to file and render with the Graphviz engine.

Parameters:
  • filename (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – Filename for saving the source (defaults to name + '.gv').s

  • directory (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.

  • view (bool) – Open the rendered result with the default application.

  • cleanup (bool) – Delete the source file after successful rendering.

  • format (Optional[str]) – The output format used for rendering ('pdf', 'png', etc.).

  • renderer (Optional[str]) – The output renderer used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • formatter (Optional[str]) – The output formatter used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • neato_no_op (Union[bool, int, None]) – Neato layout engine no-op flag.

  • quiet (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the layout subprocess.

  • quiet_view (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the viewer process (implies view=True, ineffective on Windows platform).

  • outfile (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – Path for the rendered output file.

  • engine (Optional[str]) – Layout engine for rendering ('dot', 'neato', …).

  • raise_if_result_exists (bool) – Raise graphviz.FileExistsError if the result file exists.

  • overwrite_source (bool) – Allow dot to write to the file it reads from. Incompatible with raise_if_result_exists.

Return type:

str

Returns:

The (possibly relative) path of the rendered file.

Raises:

Example

>>> doctest_mark_exe()
>>> import graphviz
>>> dot = graphviz.Graph(name='spam', directory='doctest-output')
>>> dot.render(format='png').replace('\\', '/')
'doctest-output/spam.gv.png'
>>> dot.render(outfile='spam.svg').replace('\\', '/')
'doctest-output/spam.svg'

Note

The layout command is started from the directory of filepath, so that references to external files (e.g. [image=images/camelot.png]) can be given as paths relative to the DOT source file.

property renderer: str | None

The output renderer used for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

save(filename=None, directory=None, *, skip_existing=None)[source]

Save the DOT source to file. Ensure the file ends with a newline.

Parameters:
  • filename (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – Filename for saving the source (defaults to name + '.gv')

  • directory (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.

  • skip_existing (Optional[bool]) – Skip write if file exists (default: None). By default skips if instance was loaded from the target path: .from_file(self.filepath).

Return type:

str

Returns:

The (possibly relative) path of the saved source file.

property source: str

The DOT source code as string.

Normalizes so that the string always ends in a final newline.

unflatten(stagger=None, fanout=False, chain=None)
Return a new Source instance with the source

piped through the Graphviz unflatten preprocessor.

Parameters:
  • stagger (Optional[int]) – Stagger the minimum length of leaf edges between 1 and this small integer.

  • fanout (bool) – Fanout nodes with indegree = outdegree = 1 when staggering (requires stagger).

  • chain (Optional[int]) – Form disconnected nodes into chains of up to this many nodes.

Return type:

Source

Returns:

Prepocessed DOT source code (improved layout aspect ratio).

Raises:

See also

Upstream documentation: https://www.graphviz.org/pdf/unflatten.1.pdf

view(filename=None, directory=None, cleanup=False, quiet=False, quiet_view=False)

Save the source to file, open the rendered result in a viewer.

Convenience short-cut for running .render(view=True).

Parameters:
  • filename (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – Filename for saving the source (defaults to name + '.gv').

  • directory (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.

  • cleanup (bool) – Delete the source file after successful rendering.

  • quiet (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the layout subprocess.

  • quiet_view (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the viewer process (ineffective on Windows).

Return type:

str

Returns:

The (possibly relative) path of the rendered file.

Raises:

Short-cut method for calling render() with view=True.

Note

There is no option to wait for the application to close, and no way to retrieve the application’s exit status.

Quoting/escaping

graphviz.escape(s)[source]

Return string disabling special meaning of backslashes and '<...>'.

Parameters:

s (str) – String in which backslashes and '<...>' should be treated as literal.

Return type:

str

Returns:

Escaped string subclass instance.

Raises:

TypeError – If s is not a str.

Example

>>> import graphviz  
>>> print(graphviz.escape(r'\l'))
\\l
graphviz.nohtml(s)[source]

Return string not treating '<...>' as DOT HTML string in quoting.

Parameters:

s (str) – String in which leading '<' and trailing '>' should be treated as literal.

Return type:

str

Returns:

String subclass instance.

Raises:

TypeError – If s is not a str.

Example

>>> import graphviz  
>>> g = graphviz.Graph()
>>> g.node(graphviz.nohtml('<>-*-<>'))
>>> print(g.source)  
graph {
    "<>-*-<>"
}

Exceptions

exception graphviz.ExecutableNotFound(args)[source]

RuntimeError raised if the Graphviz executable is not found.

exception graphviz.CalledProcessError(returncode, cmd, output=None, stderr=None)[source]

CalledProcessError raised if a subprocess returncode is not 0.

exception graphviz.RequiredArgumentError[source]

TypeError raised if a required argument is missing.

exception graphviz.FileExistsError[source]

FileExistsError raised with raise_if_exists=True.

Warnings

exception graphviz.UnknownSuffixWarning[source]

RuntimeWarning raised if the suffix of outfile is unknown and the given format is used instead.

exception graphviz.FormatSuffixMismatchWarning[source]

UserWarning raised if the suffix outfile does not match the given format.

exception graphviz.DotSyntaxWarning[source]

RuntimeWarning raised if a quoted string is expected to cause a CalledProcessError from rendering.

Low-level functions

The functions in this section are provided to work directly with existing files and strings instead of using the object-oriented DOT creation methods documented above.

graphviz.render(engine, format=None, filepath=None, renderer=None, formatter=None, neato_no_op=None, quiet=False, *, outfile=None, raise_if_result_exists=False, overwrite_filepath=False)[source]

Render file with engine into format and return result filename.

Parameters:
  • engine (str) – Layout engine for rendering ('dot', 'neato', …).

  • format (Optional[str]) – Output format for rendering ('pdf', 'png', …). Can be omitted if an outfile with a known format is given, i.e. if outfile ends with a known .{format} suffix.

  • filepath (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – Path to the DOT source file to render. Can be omitted if outfile is given, in which case it defaults to outfile.with_suffix('.gv').

  • renderer (Optional[str]) – Output renderer ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • formatter (Optional[str]) – Output formatter ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • neato_no_op (Union[bool, int, None]) – Neato layout engine no-op flag.

  • quiet (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the layout subprocess.

  • outfile (Union[PathLike, str, None]) – Path for the rendered output file.

  • raise_if_result_exists (bool) – Raise graphviz.FileExistsError if the result file exists.

  • overwrite_filepath (bool) – Allow dot to write to the file it reads from. Incompatible with raise_if_result_exists.

Return type:

str

Returns:

The (possibly relative) path of the rendered file.

Raises:
Warns:
  • graphviz.UnknownSuffixWarning – If the suffix of outfile is empty or unknown.

  • graphviz.FormatSuffixMismatchWarning – If the suffix of outfile does not match the given format.

Example

>>> doctest_mark_exe()
>>> import pathlib
>>> import graphviz
>>> assert pathlib.Path('doctest-output/spam.gv').write_text('graph { spam }') == 14
>>> graphviz.render('dot', 'png', 'doctest-output/spam.gv').replace('\\', '/')
'doctest-output/spam.gv.png'
>>> graphviz.render('dot', filepath='doctest-output/spam.gv',
...                 outfile='doctest-output/spam.png').replace('\\', '/')
'doctest-output/spam.png'
>>> graphviz.render('dot', outfile='doctest-output/spam.pdf').replace('\\', '/')
'doctest-output/spam.pdf'

Note

The layout command is started from the directory of filepath, so that references to external files (e.g. [image=images/camelot.png]) can be given as paths relative to the DOT source file.

graphviz.pipe(engine, format, data, renderer=None, formatter=None, neato_no_op=None, quiet=False)[source]

Return data (bytes) piped through engine into format as bytes.

Parameters:
  • engine (str) – Layout engine for rendering ('dot', 'neato', …).

  • format (str) – Output format for rendering ('pdf', 'png', …).

  • data (bytes) – Binary (encoded) DOT source bytes to render.

  • renderer (Optional[str]) – Output renderer ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • formatter (Optional[str]) – Output formatter ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • neato_no_op (Union[bool, int, None]) – Neato layout engine no-op flag.

  • quiet (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the layout subprocess.

Return type:

bytes

Returns:

Binary (encoded) stdout of the layout command.

Raises:

Example

>>> doctest_mark_exe()
>>> import graphviz
>>> graphviz.pipe('dot', 'svg', b'graph { hello -- world }')[:14]
b'<?xml version='

Note

The layout command is started from the current directory.

graphviz.pipe_string(engine, format, input_string, *, encoding, renderer=None, formatter=None, neato_no_op=None, quiet=False)[source]

Return input_string piped through engine into format as string.

Parameters:
  • engine (str) – Layout engine for rendering ('dot', 'neato', …).

  • format (str) – Output format for rendering ('pdf', 'png', …).

  • input_string (str) – Binary (encoded) DOT source bytes to render.

  • encoding (str) – Encoding to en/decode subprocess stdin and stdout (required).

  • renderer (Optional[str]) – Output renderer ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • formatter (Optional[str]) – Output formatter ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • neato_no_op (Union[bool, int, None]) – Neato layout engine no-op flag.

  • quiet (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the layout subprocess.

Return type:

str

Returns:

Decoded stdout of the layout command.

Raises:

Example

>>> doctest_mark_exe()
>>> import graphviz
>>> graphviz.pipe_string('dot', 'svg', 'graph { spam }',
...                      encoding='ascii')[:14]
'<?xml version='

Note

The layout command is started from the current directory.

graphviz.pipe_lines(engine, format, input_lines, *, input_encoding, renderer=None, formatter=None, neato_no_op=None, quiet=False)[source]

Return input_lines piped through engine into format as bytes.

Parameters:
  • engine (str) – Layout engine for rendering ('dot', 'neato', …).

  • format (str) – Output format for rendering ('pdf', 'png', …).

  • input_lines (Iterator[str]) – DOT source lines to render (including final newline).

  • input_encoding (str) – Encode input_lines for subprocess stdin (required).

  • renderer (Optional[str]) – Output renderer ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • formatter (Optional[str]) – Output formatter ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • neato_no_op (Union[bool, int, None]) – Neato layout engine no-op flag.

  • quiet (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the layout subprocess.

Return type:

bytes

Returns:

Binary stdout of the layout command.

Raises:

Example

>>> doctest_mark_exe()
>>> import graphviz
>>> graphviz.pipe_lines('dot', 'svg', iter(['graph { spam }\n']),
...                     input_encoding='ascii')[:14]
b'<?xml version='

Note

The layout command is started from the current directory.

graphviz.pipe_lines_string(engine, format, input_lines, *, encoding, renderer=None, formatter=None, neato_no_op=None, quiet=False)[source]

Return input_lines piped through engine into format as string.

Parameters:
  • engine (str) – Layout engine for rendering ('dot', 'neato', …).

  • format (str) – Output format for rendering ('pdf', 'png', …).

  • input_lines (Iterator[str]) – DOT source lines to render (including final newline).

  • encoding (str) – Encoding to en/decode subprocess stdin and stdout (required).

  • renderer (Optional[str]) – Output renderer ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • formatter (Optional[str]) – Output formatter ('cairo', 'gd', …).

  • neato_no_op (Union[bool, int, None]) – Neato layout engine no-op flag.

  • quiet (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the layout subprocess.

Return type:

str

Returns:

Decoded stdout of the layout command.

Raises:

Example

>>> doctest_mark_exe()
>>> import graphviz
>>> graphviz.pipe_lines_string('dot', 'svg', iter(['graph { spam }\n']),
...                            encoding='ascii')[:14]
'<?xml version='

Note

The layout command is started from the current directory.

graphviz.unflatten(source, stagger=None, fanout=False, chain=None, encoding='utf-8')[source]

Return DOT source piped through unflatten preprocessor as string.

Parameters:
  • source (str) – DOT source to process (improve layout aspect ratio).

  • stagger (Optional[int]) – Stagger the minimum length of leaf edges between 1 and this small integer.

  • fanout (bool) – Fanout nodes with indegree = outdegree = 1 when staggering (requires stagger).

  • chain (Optional[int]) – Form disconnected nodes into chains of up to this many nodes.

  • encoding (str) – Encoding to encode unflatten stdin and decode its stdout.

Return type:

str

Returns:

Decoded stdout of the Graphviz unflatten command.

Raises:

See also

Upstream documentation: https://www.graphviz.org/pdf/unflatten.1.pdf

graphviz.view(filepath, quiet=False)[source]

Open filepath with its default viewing application (platform-specific).

Parameters:
  • filepath (Union[PathLike, str]) – Path to the file to open in viewer.

  • quiet (bool) – Suppress stderr output from the viewer process (ineffective on Windows).

Raises:

RuntimeError – If the current platform is not supported.

Return type:

None

Note

There is no option to wait for the application to close, and no way to retrieve the application’s exit status.

Constants

Manually maintained allowlists for Graphviz parameters (cf. man dot, outputs, and dot -T: output):

graphviz.ENGINES

set of known layout commands used for rendering ('dot', 'neato', …).

graphviz.FORMATS

set of known output formats for rendering ('pdf', 'png', …).

graphviz.RENDERERS

set of known output renderers for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

graphviz.FORMATTERS

set of known output formatters for rendering ('cairo', 'gd', …).

Supported IPython/Jupyter display formats:

graphviz.SUPPORTED_JUPYTER_FORMATS

set of supported formats for _repr_mimebundle_() ('svg', 'png', …).

Names of upstream binaries:

graphviz.DOT_BINARY

pathlib.Path of rendering command (Path('dot')).

graphviz.UNFLATTEN_BINARY

pathlib.Path of unflatten command (Path('unflatten')).

Defaults

Functions for setting package-wide defaults for engine and format:

Attention

These functions are provided mainly to simplify testing but may also be used by end-users for convenience in scripts. They should be avoided in library code. Prefer passing or setting engine and format explicitly if you create a library that depends on this package.

graphviz.set_default_engine(engine)[source]

Change the default engine and return the old default value.

Parameters:

engine (str) – new default engine used by all present and newly created instances without explicitly set engine ('dot', 'neato', …).

Return type:

str

Returns:

The old default value used for engine.

graphviz.set_default_format(format)[source]

Change the default format and return the old default value.

Parameters:

format (str) – new default format used by all present and newly created instances without explicitly set format ('pdf', 'png', …).

Return type:

str

Returns:

The old default value used for format.

Function for setting the package-wide default for IPython/Jupyter display format:

Attention

This function is provided for end-users. Prefer IPython.display functions in library code.

graphviz.set_jupyter_format(jupyter_format)[source]

Change the default mimetype format for _repr_mimebundle_() and return the old value.

Parameters:

jupyter_format (str) – new default IPython/Jupyter display format used by all present and newly created instances ('svg', 'png', …).

Return type:

str

Returns:

The old default value used for IPython/Jupyter display format.

Other

graphviz.version()[source]

Return the upstream version number tuple from stderr of dot -V.

Return type:

Tuple[int, ...]

Returns:

Two, three, or four int version tuple.

Raises:

Example

>>> doctest_mark_exe()
>>> import graphviz
>>> graphviz.version()  
(...)

Note

Ignores the ~dev.<YYYYmmdd.HHMM> portion of development versions.

Online help() (internal)

Results of help() for graphviz.Graph, graphviz.Digraph, and graphviz.Source for reference.

Attention

The outputs in this section may contain (some) internals (implementation details). They serve to record some current implementation details and their changes. They mainly serve the development process (e.g. checking the MRO). They might be outdated. They may change at any point in time. See above for the full (public) API. First shalt thou take out the Holy Pin. Then shalt thou count to three, no more, no less.

To update help() outputs below:

$ ./update-help.py

To debug: remove +SKIP flags below and check output(s):

$ ./run-tests.py docs --doctest-report none

Graph

Partially syntax-highlighted: https://github.com/xflr6/graphviz/blob/master/docs/api.rst#graph-1

>>> import graphviz
>>> help(graphviz.Graph)  
Help on class Graph in module graphviz.graphs:

class Graph(graphviz.dot.GraphSyntax, BaseGraph)
 |  Graph(name: Optional[str] = None,
          comment: Optional[str] = None,
          filename=None,
          directory=None,
          format: Optional[str] = None,
          engine: Optional[str] = None,
          encoding: Optional[str] = 'utf-8',
          graph_attr=None,
          node_attr=None,
          edge_attr=None,
          body=None,
          strict: bool = False, *,
          renderer: Optional[str] = None,
          formatter: Optional[str] = None) -> None
 |
 |  Graph source code in the DOT language.
 |
 |  Args:
 |      name: Graph name used in the source code.
 |      comment: Comment added to the first line of the source.
 |      filename: Filename for saving the source
 |          (defaults to ``name`` + ``'.gv'``).
 |      directory: (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.
 |      format: Rendering output format (``'pdf'``, ``'png'``, ...).
 |      engine: Layout command used (``'dot'``, ``'neato'``, ...).
 |      renderer: Output renderer used (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |      formatter: Output formatter used (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |      encoding: Encoding for saving the source.
 |      graph_attr: Mapping of ``(attribute, value)`` pairs for the graph.
 |      node_attr: Mapping of ``(attribute, value)`` pairs set for all nodes.
 |      edge_attr: Mapping of ``(attribute, value)`` pairs set for all edges.
 |      body: Iterable of verbatim lines (including their final newline)
 |          to add to the graph ``body``.
 |      strict (bool): Rendering should merge multi-edges.
 |
 |  Note:
 |      All parameters are `optional` and can be changed under their
 |      corresponding attribute name after instance creation.
 |
 |  Method resolution order:
 |      Graph
 |      graphviz.dot.GraphSyntax
 |      BaseGraph
 |      graphviz.dot.Dot
 |      graphviz.quoting.Quote
 |      graphviz.rendering.Render
 |      graphviz.saving.Save
 |      graphviz.jupyter_integration.JupyterIntegration
 |      graphviz.piping.Pipe
 |      graphviz.unflattening.Unflatten
 |      graphviz.encoding.Encoding
 |      graphviz.base.Base
 |      graphviz.base.LineIterable
 |      graphviz.backend.mixins.Render
 |      graphviz.backend.mixins.Pipe
 |      graphviz.parameters.mixins.Parameters
 |      graphviz.parameters.engines.Engine
 |      graphviz.parameters.formats.Format
 |      graphviz.parameters.renderers.Renderer
 |      graphviz.parameters.formatters.Formatter
 |      graphviz.parameters.base.ParameterBase
 |      graphviz.copying.CopyBase
 |      graphviz.backend.mixins.View
 |      graphviz.backend.mixins.Unflatten
 |      builtins.object
 |
 |  Readonly properties defined here:
 |
 |  directed
 |      ``False``
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data and other attributes defined here:
 |
 |  __annotations__ = {}
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.dot.GraphSyntax:
 |
 |  __dict__
 |      dictionary for instance variables
 |
 |  __weakref__
 |      list of weak references to the object
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from BaseGraph:
 |
 |  __init__(self,
             name: Optional[str] = None,
             comment: Optional[str] = None,
             filename=None,
             directory=None,
             format: Optional[str] = None,
             engine: Optional[str] = None,
             encoding: Optional[str] = 'utf-8',
             graph_attr=None,
             node_attr=None,
             edge_attr=None,
             body=None,
             strict: bool = False, *,
             renderer: Optional[str] = None,
             formatter: Optional[str] = None) -> None
 |      Initialize self.  See help(type(self)) for accurate signature.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Readonly properties inherited from BaseGraph:
 |
 |  source
 |      The generated DOT source code as string.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.dot.Dot:
 |
 |  __iter__(self, subgraph: bool = False) -> Iterator[str]
 |      Yield the DOT source code line by line (as graph or subgraph).
 |
 |      Yields: Line ending with a newline (``'\n'``).
 |
 |  attr(self, kw: Optional[str] = None, _attributes=None, **attrs) -> None
 |      Add a general or graph/node/edge attribute statement.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          kw: Attributes target
 |              (``None`` or ``'graph'``, ``'node'``, ``'edge'``).
 |          attrs: Attributes to be set (must be strings, may be empty).
 |
 |      See the :ref:`usage examples in the User Guide <attributes>`.
 |
 |  clear(self, keep_attrs: bool = False) -> None
 |      Reset content to an empty body, clear graph/node/egde_attr mappings.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          keep_attrs (bool): preserve graph/node/egde_attr mappings
 |
 |  edge(self,
         tail_name: str,
         head_name: str,
         label: Optional[str] = None,
         _attributes=None, **attrs) -> None
 |      Create an edge between two nodes.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          tail_name: Start node identifier
 |              (format: ``node[:port[:compass]]``).
 |          head_name: End node identifier
 |              (format: ``node[:port[:compass]]``).
 |          label: Caption to be displayed near the edge.
 |          attrs: Any additional edge attributes (must be strings).
 |
 |      Note:
 |          The ``tail_name`` and ``head_name`` strings are separated
 |          by (optional) colon(s) into ``node`` name, ``port`` name,
 |          and ``compass`` (e.g. ``sw``).
 |          See :ref:`details in the User Guide <node-ports-compass>`.
 |
 |      Attention:
 |          When rendering ``label``, backslash-escapes
 |          and strings of the form ``<...>`` have a special meaning.
 |          See the sections :ref:`backslash-escapes` and
 |          :ref:`quoting-and-html-like-labels` in the user guide for details.
 |
 |  edges(self, tail_head_iter) -> None
 |      Create a bunch of edges.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          tail_head_iter: Iterable of ``(tail_name, head_name)`` pairs
 |              (format:``node[:port[:compass]]``).
 |
 |
 |      Note:
 |          The ``tail_name`` and ``head_name`` strings are separated
 |          by (optional) colon(s) into ``node`` name, ``port`` name,
 |          and ``compass`` (e.g. ``sw``).
 |          See :ref:`details in the User Guide <node-ports-compass>`.
 |
 |  node(self,
         name: str,
         label: Optional[str] = None,
         _attributes=None, **attrs) -> None
 |      Create a node.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          name: Unique identifier for the node inside the source.
 |          label: Caption to be displayed (defaults to the node ``name``).
 |          attrs: Any additional node attributes (must be strings).
 |
 |      Attention:
 |          When rendering ``label``, backslash-escapes
 |          and strings of the form ``<...>`` have a special meaning.
 |          See the sections :ref:`backslash-escapes` and
 |          :ref:`quoting-and-html-like-labels` in the user guide for details.
 |
 |  subgraph(self,
             graph=None,
             name: Optional[str] = None,
             comment: Optional[str] = None,
             graph_attr=None,
             node_attr=None,
             edge_attr=None,
             body=None)
 |      Add the current content of the given sole ``graph`` argument
 |          as subgraph or return a context manager
 |          returning a new graph instance
 |          created with the given (``name``, ``comment``, etc.) arguments
 |          whose content is added as subgraph
 |          when leaving the context manager's ``with``-block.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          graph: An instance of the same kind
 |              (:class:`.Graph`, :class:`.Digraph`) as the current graph
 |              (sole argument in non-with-block use).
 |          name: Subgraph name (``with``-block use).
 |          comment: Subgraph comment (``with``-block use).
 |          graph_attr: Subgraph-level attribute-value mapping
 |              (``with``-block use).
 |          node_attr: Node-level attribute-value mapping
 |              (``with``-block use).
 |          edge_attr: Edge-level attribute-value mapping
 |              (``with``-block use).
 |          body: Verbatim lines to add to the subgraph ``body``
 |              (``with``-block use).
 |
 |      See the :ref:`usage examples in the User Guide <subgraphs-clusters>`.
 |
 |      When used as a context manager, the returned new graph instance
 |      uses ``strict=None`` and the parent graph's values
 |      for ``directory``, ``format``, ``engine``, and ``encoding`` by default.
 |
 |      Note:
 |          If the ``name`` of the subgraph begins with
 |          ``'cluster'`` (all lowercase)
 |          the layout engine will treat it as a special cluster subgraph.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.rendering.Render:
 |
 |  render(self,
           filename: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
           directory: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
           view: bool = False,
           cleanup: bool = False,
           format: Optional[str] = None,
           renderer: Optional[str] = None,
           formatter: Optional[str] = None,
           neato_no_op: Union[bool, int, NoneType] = None,
           quiet: bool = False,
           quiet_view: bool = False, *,
           outfile: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
           engine: Optional[str] = None,
           raise_if_result_exists: bool = False,
           overwrite_source: bool = False) -> str
 |      Save the source to file and render with the Graphviz engine.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          filename: Filename for saving the source
 |              (defaults to ``name`` + ``'.gv'``).s
 |          directory: (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.
 |          view (bool): Open the rendered result
 |              with the default application.
 |          cleanup (bool): Delete the source file
 |              after successful rendering.
 |          format: The output format used for rendering
 |              (``'pdf'``, ``'png'``, etc.).
 |          renderer: The output renderer used for rendering
 |              (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |          formatter: The output formatter used for rendering
 |              (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |          neato_no_op: Neato layout engine no-op flag.
 |          quiet (bool): Suppress ``stderr`` output
 |              from the layout subprocess.
 |          quiet_view (bool): Suppress ``stderr`` output
 |              from the viewer process
 |              (implies ``view=True``, ineffective on Windows platform).
 |          outfile: Path for the rendered output file.
 |          engine: Layout engine for rendering
 |              (``'dot'``, ``'neato'``, ...).
 |          raise_if_result_exists: Raise :exc:`graphviz.FileExistsError`
 |              if the result file exists.
 |          overwrite_source: Allow ``dot`` to write to the file it reads from.
 |              Incompatible with ``raise_if_result_exists``.
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          The (possibly relative) path of the rendered file.
 |
 |      Raises:
 |          ValueError: If ``engine``, ``format``, ``renderer``, or ``formatter``
 |              are unknown.
 |          graphviz.RequiredArgumentError: If ``formatter`` is given
 |              but ``renderer`` is None.
 |          ValueError: If ``outfile`` is the same file as the source file
 |              unless ``overwite_source=True``.
 |          graphviz.ExecutableNotFound: If the Graphviz ``dot`` executable
 |              is not found.
 |          graphviz.CalledProcessError: If the returncode (exit status)
 |              of the rendering ``dot`` subprocess is non-zero.
 |          RuntimeError: If viewer opening is requested but not supported.
 |
 |      Example:
 |          >>> doctest_mark_exe()
 |          >>> import graphviz
 |          >>> dot = graphviz.Graph(name='spam', directory='doctest-output')
 |          >>> dot.render(format='png').replace('\', '/')
 |          'doctest-output/spam.gv.png'
 |          >>> dot.render(outfile='spam.svg').replace('\', '/')
 |          'doctest-output/spam.svg'
 |
 |      Note:
 |          The layout command is started from the directory of ``filepath``,
 |          so that references to external files
 |          (e.g. ``[image=images/camelot.png]``)
 |          can be given as paths relative to the DOT source file.
 |
 |  view(self,
         filename: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
         directory: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
         cleanup: bool = False,
         quiet: bool = False,
         quiet_view: bool = False) -> str
 |      Save the source to file, open the rendered result in a viewer.
 |
 |      Convenience short-cut for running ``.render(view=True)``.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          filename: Filename for saving the source
 |              (defaults to ``name`` + ``'.gv'``).
 |          directory: (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.
 |          cleanup (bool): Delete the source file after successful rendering.
 |          quiet (bool): Suppress ``stderr`` output from the layout subprocess.
 |          quiet_view (bool): Suppress ``stderr`` output
 |              from the viewer process (ineffective on Windows).
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          The (possibly relative) path of the rendered file.
 |
 |      Raises:
 |          graphviz.ExecutableNotFound: If the Graphviz executable
 |              is not found.
 |          graphviz.CalledProcessError: If the exit status is non-zero.
 |          RuntimeError: If opening the viewer is not supported.
 |
 |      Short-cut method for calling :meth:`.render` with ``view=True``.
 |
 |      Note:
 |          There is no option to wait for the application to close,
 |          and no way to retrieve the application's exit status.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.saving.Save:
 |
 |  save(self,
         filename: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
         directory: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None, *,
         skip_existing: Optional[bool] = False) -> str
 |      Save the DOT source to file. Ensure the file ends with a newline.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          filename: Filename for saving the source (defaults to ``name`` + ``'.gv'``)
 |          directory: (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.
 |          skip_existing: Skip write if file exists (default: ``False``).
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          The (possibly relative) path of the saved source file.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Readonly properties inherited from graphviz.saving.Save:
 |
 |  filepath
 |      The target path for saving the DOT source file.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data and other attributes inherited from graphviz.saving.Save:
 |
 |  directory = ''
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.piping.Pipe:
 |
 |  pipe(self,
         format: Optional[str] = None,
         renderer: Optional[str] = None,
         formatter: Optional[str] = None,
         neato_no_op: Union[bool, int, NoneType] = None,
         quiet: bool = False, *,
         engine: Optional[str] = None,
         encoding: Optional[str] = None) -> Union[bytes, str]
 |      Return the source piped through the Graphviz layout command.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          format: The output format used for rendering
 |              (``'pdf'``, ``'png'``, etc.).
 |          renderer: The output renderer used for rendering
 |              (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |          formatter: The output formatter used for rendering
 |              (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |          neato_no_op: Neato layout engine no-op flag.
 |          quiet (bool): Suppress ``stderr`` output
 |              from the layout subprocess.
 |          engine: Layout engine for rendering
 |              (``'dot'``, ``'neato'``, ...).
 |          encoding: Encoding for decoding the stdout.
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          Bytes or if encoding is given decoded string
 |              (stdout of the layout command).
 |
 |      Raises:
 |          ValueError: If ``engine``, ``format``, ``renderer``, or ``formatter``
 |              are unknown.
 |          graphviz.RequiredArgumentError: If ``formatter`` is given
 |              but ``renderer`` is None.
 |          graphviz.ExecutableNotFound: If the Graphviz ``dot`` executable
 |              is not found.
 |          graphviz.CalledProcessError: If the returncode (exit status)
 |              of the rendering ``dot`` subprocess is non-zero.
 |
 |      Example:
 |          >>> doctest_mark_exe()
 |          >>> import graphviz
 |          >>> source = 'graph { spam }'
 |          >>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe()[:14]
 |          b'<?xml version='
 |          >>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe(encoding='ascii')[:14]
 |          '<?xml version='
 |          >>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe(encoding='utf-8')[:14]
 |          '<?xml version='
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.unflattening.Unflatten:
 |
 |  unflatten(self,
              stagger: Optional[int] = None,
              fanout: bool = False,
              chain: Optional[int] = None) -> 'graphviz.Source'
 |      Return a new :class:`.Source` instance with the source
 |          piped through the Graphviz *unflatten* preprocessor.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          stagger: Stagger the minimum length
 |              of leaf edges between 1 and this small integer.
 |          fanout: Fanout nodes with indegree = outdegree = 1
 |              when staggering (requires ``stagger``).
 |          chain: Form disconnected nodes into chains
 |              of up to this many nodes.
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          Prepocessed DOT source code (improved layout aspect ratio).
 |
 |      Raises:
 |          graphviz.RequiredArgumentError: If ``fanout`` is given
 |              but ``stagger`` is None.
 |          graphviz.ExecutableNotFound: If the Graphviz ``unflatten`` executable
 |              is not found.
 |          graphviz.CalledProcessError: If the returncode (exit status)
 |              of the unflattening 'unflatten' subprocess is non-zero.
 |
 |      See also:
 |          Upstream documentation:
 |          https://www.graphviz.org/pdf/unflatten.1.pdf
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.encoding.Encoding:
 |
 |  encoding
 |      The encoding for the saved source file.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.base.Base:
 |
 |  __str__(self) -> str
 |      The DOT source code as string.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.parameters.engines.Engine:
 |
 |  engine
 |      The layout engine used for rendering
 |      (``'dot'``, ``'neato'``, ...).
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.parameters.formats.Format:
 |
 |  format
 |      The output format used for rendering
 |      (``'pdf'``, ``'png'``, ...).
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.parameters.renderers.Renderer:
 |
 |  renderer
 |      The output renderer used for rendering
 |      (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.parameters.formatters.Formatter:
 |
 |  formatter
 |      The output formatter used for rendering
 |      (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.copying.CopyBase:
 |
 |  copy(self)
 |      Return a copied instance of the object.
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          An independent copy of the current object.

Digraph

Partially symntax-highlighed: https://github.com/xflr6/graphviz/blob/master/docs/api.rst#digraph-1

>>> import graphviz
>>> help(graphviz.Digraph)  
Help on class Digraph in module graphviz.graphs:

class Digraph(graphviz.dot.DigraphSyntax, BaseGraph)
 |  Digraph(name: Optional[str] = None,
            comment: Optional[str] = None,
            filename=None,
            directory=None,
            format: Optional[str] = None,
            engine: Optional[str] = None,
            encoding: Optional[str] = 'utf-8',
            graph_attr=None,
            node_attr=None,
            edge_attr=None,
            body=None,
            strict: bool = False, *,
            renderer: Optional[str] = None,
            formatter: Optional[str] = None) -> None
 |
 |  Directed graph source code in the DOT language.
 |
 |  Args:
 |      name: Graph name used in the source code.
 |      comment: Comment added to the first line of the source.
 |      filename: Filename for saving the source
 |          (defaults to ``name`` + ``'.gv'``).
 |      directory: (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.
 |      format: Rendering output format (``'pdf'``, ``'png'``, ...).
 |      engine: Layout command used (``'dot'``, ``'neato'``, ...).
 |      renderer: Output renderer used (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |      formatter: Output formatter used (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |      encoding: Encoding for saving the source.
 |      graph_attr: Mapping of ``(attribute, value)`` pairs for the graph.
 |      node_attr: Mapping of ``(attribute, value)`` pairs set for all nodes.
 |      edge_attr: Mapping of ``(attribute, value)`` pairs set for all edges.
 |      body: Iterable of verbatim lines (including their final newline)
 |          to add to the graph ``body``.
 |      strict (bool): Rendering should merge multi-edges.
 |
 |  Note:
 |      All parameters are `optional` and can be changed under their
 |      corresponding attribute name after instance creation.
 |
 |  Method resolution order:
 |      Digraph
 |      graphviz.dot.DigraphSyntax
 |      BaseGraph
 |      graphviz.dot.Dot
 |      graphviz.quoting.Quote
 |      graphviz.rendering.Render
 |      graphviz.saving.Save
 |      graphviz.jupyter_integration.JupyterIntegration
 |      graphviz.piping.Pipe
 |      graphviz.unflattening.Unflatten
 |      graphviz.encoding.Encoding
 |      graphviz.base.Base
 |      graphviz.base.LineIterable
 |      graphviz.backend.mixins.Render
 |      graphviz.backend.mixins.Pipe
 |      graphviz.parameters.mixins.Parameters
 |      graphviz.parameters.engines.Engine
 |      graphviz.parameters.formats.Format
 |      graphviz.parameters.renderers.Renderer
 |      graphviz.parameters.formatters.Formatter
 |      graphviz.parameters.base.ParameterBase
 |      graphviz.copying.CopyBase
 |      graphviz.backend.mixins.View
 |      graphviz.backend.mixins.Unflatten
 |      builtins.object
 |
 |  Readonly properties defined here:
 |
 |  directed
 |      ``True``
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data and other attributes defined here:
 |
 |  __annotations__ = {}
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.dot.DigraphSyntax:
 |
 |  __dict__
 |      dictionary for instance variables
 |
 |  __weakref__
 |      list of weak references to the object
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from BaseGraph:
 |
 |  __init__(self,
             name: Optional[str] = None,
             comment: Optional[str] = None,
             filename=None,
             directory=None,
             format: Optional[str] = None,
             engine: Optional[str] = None,
             encoding: Optional[str] = 'utf-8',
             graph_attr=None,
             node_attr=None,
             edge_attr=None,
             body=None,
             strict: bool = False, *,
             renderer: Optional[str] = None,
             formatter: Optional[str] = None) -> None
 |      Initialize self.  See help(type(self)) for accurate signature.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Readonly properties inherited from BaseGraph:
 |
 |  source
 |      The generated DOT source code as string.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.dot.Dot:
 |
 |  __iter__(self, subgraph: bool = False) -> Iterator[str]
 |      Yield the DOT source code line by line (as graph or subgraph).
 |
 |      Yields: Line ending with a newline (``'\n'``).
 |
 |  attr(self, kw: Optional[str] = None, _attributes=None, **attrs) -> None
 |      Add a general or graph/node/edge attribute statement.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          kw: Attributes target
 |              (``None`` or ``'graph'``, ``'node'``, ``'edge'``).
 |          attrs: Attributes to be set (must be strings, may be empty).
 |
 |      See the :ref:`usage examples in the User Guide <attributes>`.
 |
 |  clear(self, keep_attrs: bool = False) -> None
 |      Reset content to an empty body, clear graph/node/egde_attr mappings.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          keep_attrs (bool): preserve graph/node/egde_attr mappings
 |
 |  edge(self,
         tail_name: str,
         head_name: str,
         label: Optional[str] = None,
         _attributes=None, **attrs) -> None
 |      Create an edge between two nodes.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          tail_name: Start node identifier
 |              (format: ``node[:port[:compass]]``).
 |          head_name: End node identifier
 |              (format: ``node[:port[:compass]]``).
 |          label: Caption to be displayed near the edge.
 |          attrs: Any additional edge attributes (must be strings).
 |
 |      Note:
 |          The ``tail_name`` and ``head_name`` strings are separated
 |          by (optional) colon(s) into ``node`` name, ``port`` name,
 |          and ``compass`` (e.g. ``sw``).
 |          See :ref:`details in the User Guide <node-ports-compass>`.
 |
 |      Attention:
 |          When rendering ``label``, backslash-escapes
 |          and strings of the form ``<...>`` have a special meaning.
 |          See the sections :ref:`backslash-escapes` and
 |          :ref:`quoting-and-html-like-labels` in the user guide for details.
 |
 |  edges(self, tail_head_iter) -> None
 |      Create a bunch of edges.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          tail_head_iter: Iterable of ``(tail_name, head_name)`` pairs
 |              (format:``node[:port[:compass]]``).
 |
 |
 |      Note:
 |          The ``tail_name`` and ``head_name`` strings are separated
 |          by (optional) colon(s) into ``node`` name, ``port`` name,
 |          and ``compass`` (e.g. ``sw``).
 |          See :ref:`details in the User Guide <node-ports-compass>`.
 |
 |  node(self,
         name: str,
         label: Optional[str] = None,
         _attributes=None, **attrs) -> None
 |      Create a node.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          name: Unique identifier for the node inside the source.
 |          label: Caption to be displayed (defaults to the node ``name``).
 |          attrs: Any additional node attributes (must be strings).
 |
 |      Attention:
 |          When rendering ``label``, backslash-escapes
 |          and strings of the form ``<...>`` have a special meaning.
 |          See the sections :ref:`backslash-escapes` and
 |          :ref:`quoting-and-html-like-labels` in the user guide for details.
 |
 |  subgraph(self,
             graph=None,
             name: Optional[str] = None,
             comment: Optional[str] = None,
             graph_attr=None,
             node_attr=None,
             edge_attr=None,
             body=None)
 |      Add the current content of the given sole ``graph`` argument
 |          as subgraph or return a context manager
 |          returning a new graph instance
 |          created with the given (``name``, ``comment``, etc.) arguments
 |          whose content is added as subgraph
 |          when leaving the context manager's ``with``-block.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          graph: An instance of the same kind
 |              (:class:`.Graph`, :class:`.Digraph`) as the current graph
 |              (sole argument in non-with-block use).
 |          name: Subgraph name (``with``-block use).
 |          comment: Subgraph comment (``with``-block use).
 |          graph_attr: Subgraph-level attribute-value mapping
 |              (``with``-block use).
 |          node_attr: Node-level attribute-value mapping
 |              (``with``-block use).
 |          edge_attr: Edge-level attribute-value mapping
 |              (``with``-block use).
 |          body: Verbatim lines to add to the subgraph ``body``
 |              (``with``-block use).
 |
 |      See the :ref:`usage examples in the User Guide <subgraphs-clusters>`.
 |
 |      When used as a context manager, the returned new graph instance
 |      uses ``strict=None`` and the parent graph's values
 |      for ``directory``, ``format``, ``engine``, and ``encoding`` by default.
 |
 |      Note:
 |          If the ``name`` of the subgraph begins with
 |          ``'cluster'`` (all lowercase)
 |          the layout engine will treat it as a special cluster subgraph.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.rendering.Render:
 |
 |  render(self,
           filename: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
           directory: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
           view: bool = False,
           cleanup: bool = False,
           format: Optional[str] = None,
           renderer: Optional[str] = None,
           formatter: Optional[str] = None,
           neato_no_op: Union[bool, int, NoneType] = None,
           quiet: bool = False,
           quiet_view: bool = False, *,
           outfile: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
           engine: Optional[str] = None,
           raise_if_result_exists: bool = False,
           overwrite_source: bool = False) -> str
 |      Save the source to file and render with the Graphviz engine.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          filename: Filename for saving the source
 |              (defaults to ``name`` + ``'.gv'``).s
 |          directory: (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.
 |          view (bool): Open the rendered result
 |              with the default application.
 |          cleanup (bool): Delete the source file
 |              after successful rendering.
 |          format: The output format used for rendering
 |              (``'pdf'``, ``'png'``, etc.).
 |          renderer: The output renderer used for rendering
 |              (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |          formatter: The output formatter used for rendering
 |              (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |          neato_no_op: Neato layout engine no-op flag.
 |          quiet (bool): Suppress ``stderr`` output
 |              from the layout subprocess.
 |          quiet_view (bool): Suppress ``stderr`` output
 |              from the viewer process
 |              (implies ``view=True``, ineffective on Windows platform).
 |          outfile: Path for the rendered output file.
 |          engine: Layout engine for rendering
 |              (``'dot'``, ``'neato'``, ...).
 |          raise_if_result_exists: Raise :exc:`graphviz.FileExistsError`
 |              if the result file exists.
 |          overwrite_source: Allow ``dot`` to write to the file it reads from.
 |              Incompatible with ``raise_if_result_exists``.
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          The (possibly relative) path of the rendered file.
 |
 |      Raises:
 |          ValueError: If ``engine``, ``format``, ``renderer``, or ``formatter``
 |              are unknown.
 |          graphviz.RequiredArgumentError: If ``formatter`` is given
 |              but ``renderer`` is None.
 |          ValueError: If ``outfile`` is the same file as the source file
 |              unless ``overwite_source=True``.
 |          graphviz.ExecutableNotFound: If the Graphviz ``dot`` executable
 |              is not found.
 |          graphviz.CalledProcessError: If the returncode (exit status)
 |              of the rendering ``dot`` subprocess is non-zero.
 |          RuntimeError: If viewer opening is requested but not supported.
 |
 |      Example:
 |          >>> doctest_mark_exe()
 |          >>> import graphviz
 |          >>> dot = graphviz.Graph(name='spam', directory='doctest-output')
 |          >>> dot.render(format='png').replace('\', '/')
 |          'doctest-output/spam.gv.png'
 |          >>> dot.render(outfile='spam.svg').replace('\', '/')
 |          'doctest-output/spam.svg'
 |
 |      Note:
 |          The layout command is started from the directory of ``filepath``,
 |          so that references to external files
 |          (e.g. ``[image=images/camelot.png]``)
 |          can be given as paths relative to the DOT source file.
 |
 |  view(self,
         filename: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
         directory: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
         cleanup: bool = False,
         quiet: bool = False,
         quiet_view: bool = False) -> str
 |      Save the source to file, open the rendered result in a viewer.
 |
 |      Convenience short-cut for running ``.render(view=True)``.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          filename: Filename for saving the source
 |              (defaults to ``name`` + ``'.gv'``).
 |          directory: (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.
 |          cleanup (bool): Delete the source file after successful rendering.
 |          quiet (bool): Suppress ``stderr`` output from the layout subprocess.
 |          quiet_view (bool): Suppress ``stderr`` output
 |              from the viewer process (ineffective on Windows).
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          The (possibly relative) path of the rendered file.
 |
 |      Raises:
 |          graphviz.ExecutableNotFound: If the Graphviz executable
 |              is not found.
 |          graphviz.CalledProcessError: If the exit status is non-zero.
 |          RuntimeError: If opening the viewer is not supported.
 |
 |      Short-cut method for calling :meth:`.render` with ``view=True``.
 |
 |      Note:
 |          There is no option to wait for the application to close,
 |          and no way to retrieve the application's exit status.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.saving.Save:
 |
 |  save(self,
         filename: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
         directory: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None, *,
         skip_existing: Optional[bool] = False) -> str
 |      Save the DOT source to file. Ensure the file ends with a newline.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          filename: Filename for saving the source (defaults to ``name`` + ``'.gv'``)
 |          directory: (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.
 |          skip_existing: Skip write if file exists (default: ``False``).
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          The (possibly relative) path of the saved source file.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Readonly properties inherited from graphviz.saving.Save:
 |
 |  filepath
 |      The target path for saving the DOT source file.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data and other attributes inherited from graphviz.saving.Save:
 |
 |  directory = ''
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.piping.Pipe:
 |
 |  pipe(self,
         format: Optional[str] = None,
         renderer: Optional[str] = None,
         formatter: Optional[str] = None,
         neato_no_op: Union[bool, int, NoneType] = None,
         quiet: bool = False, *,
         engine: Optional[str] = None,
         encoding: Optional[str] = None) -> Union[bytes, str]
 |      Return the source piped through the Graphviz layout command.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          format: The output format used for rendering
 |              (``'pdf'``, ``'png'``, etc.).
 |          renderer: The output renderer used for rendering
 |              (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |          formatter: The output formatter used for rendering
 |              (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |          neato_no_op: Neato layout engine no-op flag.
 |          quiet (bool): Suppress ``stderr`` output
 |              from the layout subprocess.
 |          engine: Layout engine for rendering
 |              (``'dot'``, ``'neato'``, ...).
 |          encoding: Encoding for decoding the stdout.
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          Bytes or if encoding is given decoded string
 |              (stdout of the layout command).
 |
 |      Raises:
 |          ValueError: If ``engine``, ``format``, ``renderer``, or ``formatter``
 |              are unknown.
 |          graphviz.RequiredArgumentError: If ``formatter`` is given
 |              but ``renderer`` is None.
 |          graphviz.ExecutableNotFound: If the Graphviz ``dot`` executable
 |              is not found.
 |          graphviz.CalledProcessError: If the returncode (exit status)
 |              of the rendering ``dot`` subprocess is non-zero.
 |
 |      Example:
 |          >>> doctest_mark_exe()
 |          >>> import graphviz
 |          >>> source = 'graph { spam }'
 |          >>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe()[:14]
 |          b'<?xml version='
 |          >>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe(encoding='ascii')[:14]
 |          '<?xml version='
 |          >>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe(encoding='utf-8')[:14]
 |          '<?xml version='
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.unflattening.Unflatten:
 |
 |  unflatten(self,
              stagger: Optional[int] = None,
              fanout: bool = False,
              chain: Optional[int] = None) -> 'graphviz.Source'
 |      Return a new :class:`.Source` instance with the source
 |          piped through the Graphviz *unflatten* preprocessor.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          stagger: Stagger the minimum length
 |              of leaf edges between 1 and this small integer.
 |          fanout: Fanout nodes with indegree = outdegree = 1
 |              when staggering (requires ``stagger``).
 |          chain: Form disconnected nodes into chains
 |              of up to this many nodes.
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          Prepocessed DOT source code (improved layout aspect ratio).
 |
 |      Raises:
 |          graphviz.RequiredArgumentError: If ``fanout`` is given
 |              but ``stagger`` is None.
 |          graphviz.ExecutableNotFound: If the Graphviz ``unflatten`` executable
 |              is not found.
 |          graphviz.CalledProcessError: If the returncode (exit status)
 |              of the unflattening 'unflatten' subprocess is non-zero.
 |
 |      See also:
 |          Upstream documentation:
 |          https://www.graphviz.org/pdf/unflatten.1.pdf
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.encoding.Encoding:
 |
 |  encoding
 |      The encoding for the saved source file.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.base.Base:
 |
 |  __str__(self) -> str
 |      The DOT source code as string.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.parameters.engines.Engine:
 |
 |  engine
 |      The layout engine used for rendering
 |      (``'dot'``, ``'neato'``, ...).
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.parameters.formats.Format:
 |
 |  format
 |      The output format used for rendering
 |      (``'pdf'``, ``'png'``, ...).
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.parameters.renderers.Renderer:
 |
 |  renderer
 |      The output renderer used for rendering
 |      (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.parameters.formatters.Formatter:
 |
 |  formatter
 |      The output formatter used for rendering
 |      (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.copying.CopyBase:
 |
 |  copy(self)
 |      Return a copied instance of the object.
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          An independent copy of the current object.

Source

Partially syntax-highlighted: https://github.com/xflr6/graphviz/blob/master/docs/api.rst#source-1

>>> import graphviz
>>> help(graphviz.Source)  
Help on class Source in module graphviz.sources:

class Source(graphviz.rendering.Render,
             graphviz.saving.Save,
             graphviz.jupyter_integration.JupyterIntegration,
             graphviz.piping.Pipe,
             graphviz.unflattening.Unflatten)
 |  Source(source: str,
           filename: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
           directory: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
           format: Optional[str] = None,
           engine: Optional[str] = None,
           encoding: Optional[str] = 'utf-8', *,
           renderer: Optional[str] = None,
           formatter: Optional[str] = None,
           loaded_from_path: Optional[os.PathLike] = None) -> None
 |
 |  Verbatim DOT source code string to be rendered by Graphviz.
 |
 |  Args:
 |      source: The verbatim DOT source code string.
 |      filename: Filename for saving the source (defaults to ``'Source.gv'``).
 |      directory: (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.
 |      format: Rendering output format (``'pdf'``, ``'png'``, ...).
 |      engine: Layout engine used (``'dot'``, ``'neato'``, ...).
 |      encoding: Encoding for saving the source.
 |
 |  Note:
 |      All parameters except ``source`` are optional. All of them
 |      can be changed under their corresponding attribute name
 |      after instance creation.
 |
 |  Method resolution order:
 |      Source
 |      graphviz.rendering.Render
 |      graphviz.saving.Save
 |      graphviz.jupyter_integration.JupyterIntegration
 |      graphviz.piping.Pipe
 |      graphviz.unflattening.Unflatten
 |      graphviz.encoding.Encoding
 |      graphviz.base.Base
 |      graphviz.base.LineIterable
 |      graphviz.backend.mixins.Render
 |      graphviz.backend.mixins.Pipe
 |      graphviz.parameters.mixins.Parameters
 |      graphviz.parameters.engines.Engine
 |      graphviz.parameters.formats.Format
 |      graphviz.parameters.renderers.Renderer
 |      graphviz.parameters.formatters.Formatter
 |      graphviz.parameters.base.ParameterBase
 |      graphviz.copying.CopyBase
 |      graphviz.backend.mixins.View
 |      graphviz.backend.mixins.Unflatten
 |      builtins.object
 |
 |  Methods defined here:
 |
 |  __init__(self,
             source: str,
             filename: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
             directory: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
             format: Optional[str] = None,
             engine: Optional[str] = None,
             encoding: Optional[str] = 'utf-8', *,
             renderer: Optional[str] = None,
             formatter: Optional[str] = None,
             loaded_from_path: Optional[os.PathLike] = None) -> None
 |      Initialize self.  See help(type(self)) for accurate signature.
 |
 |  __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]
 |      Yield the DOT source code read from file line by line.
 |
 |      Yields: Line ending with a newline (``'\n'``).
 |
 |  save(self,
         filename: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
         directory: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None, *,
         skip_existing: Optional[bool] = None) -> str
 |      Save the DOT source to file. Ensure the file ends with a newline.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          filename: Filename for saving the source (defaults to ``name`` + ``'.gv'``)
 |          directory: (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.
 |          skip_existing: Skip write if file exists (default: ``None``).
 |              By default skips if instance was loaded from the target path:
 |              ``.from_file(self.filepath)``.
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          The (possibly relative) path of the saved source file.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Class methods defined here:
 |
 |  from_file(filename: Union[os.PathLike, str],
              directory: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
              format: Optional[str] = None,
              engine: Optional[str] = None,
              encoding: Optional[str] = 'utf-8',
              renderer: Optional[str] = None,
              formatter: Optional[str] = None) -> 'Source' from builtins.type
 |      Return an instance with the source string read from the given file.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          filename: Filename for loading/saving the source.
 |          directory: (Sub)directory for source loading/saving and rendering.
 |          format: Rendering output format (``'pdf'``, ``'png'``, ...).
 |          engine: Layout command used (``'dot'``, ``'neato'``, ...).
 |          encoding: Encoding for loading/saving the source.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Readonly properties defined here:
 |
 |  source
 |      The DOT source code as string.
 |
 |      Normalizes so that the string always ends in a final newline.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data and other attributes defined here:
 |
 |  __annotations__ = {'_loaded_from_path': typing.Optional[os.PathLike], ...
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.rendering.Render:
 |
 |  render(self,
           filename: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
           directory: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
           view: bool = False,
           cleanup: bool = False,
           format: Optional[str] = None,
           renderer: Optional[str] = None,
           formatter: Optional[str] = None,
           neato_no_op: Union[bool, int, NoneType] = None,
           quiet: bool = False,
           quiet_view: bool = False, *,
           outfile: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
           engine: Optional[str] = None,
           raise_if_result_exists: bool = False,
           overwrite_source: bool = False) -> str
 |      Save the source to file and render with the Graphviz engine.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          filename: Filename for saving the source
 |              (defaults to ``name`` + ``'.gv'``).s
 |          directory: (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.
 |          view (bool): Open the rendered result
 |              with the default application.
 |          cleanup (bool): Delete the source file
 |              after successful rendering.
 |          format: The output format used for rendering
 |              (``'pdf'``, ``'png'``, etc.).
 |          renderer: The output renderer used for rendering
 |              (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |          formatter: The output formatter used for rendering
 |              (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |          neato_no_op: Neato layout engine no-op flag.
 |          quiet (bool): Suppress ``stderr`` output
 |              from the layout subprocess.
 |          quiet_view (bool): Suppress ``stderr`` output
 |              from the viewer process
 |              (implies ``view=True``, ineffective on Windows platform).
 |          outfile: Path for the rendered output file.
 |          engine: Layout engine for rendering
 |              (``'dot'``, ``'neato'``, ...).
 |          raise_if_result_exists: Raise :exc:`graphviz.FileExistsError`
 |              if the result file exists.
 |          overwrite_source: Allow ``dot`` to write to the file it reads from.
 |              Incompatible with ``raise_if_result_exists``.
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          The (possibly relative) path of the rendered file.
 |
 |      Raises:
 |          ValueError: If ``engine``, ``format``, ``renderer``, or ``formatter``
 |              are unknown.
 |          graphviz.RequiredArgumentError: If ``formatter`` is given
 |              but ``renderer`` is None.
 |          ValueError: If ``outfile`` is the same file as the source file
 |              unless ``overwite_source=True``.
 |          graphviz.ExecutableNotFound: If the Graphviz ``dot`` executable
 |              is not found.
 |          graphviz.CalledProcessError: If the returncode (exit status)
 |              of the rendering ``dot`` subprocess is non-zero.
 |          RuntimeError: If viewer opening is requested but not supported.
 |
 |      Example:
 |          >>> doctest_mark_exe()
 |          >>> import graphviz
 |          >>> dot = graphviz.Graph(name='spam', directory='doctest-output')
 |          >>> dot.render(format='png').replace('\', '/')
 |          'doctest-output/spam.gv.png'
 |          >>> dot.render(outfile='spam.svg').replace('\', '/')
 |          'doctest-output/spam.svg'
 |
 |      Note:
 |          The layout command is started from the directory of ``filepath``,
 |          so that references to external files
 |          (e.g. ``[image=images/camelot.png]``)
 |          can be given as paths relative to the DOT source file.
 |
 |  view(self,
         filename: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
         directory: Union[os.PathLike, str, NoneType] = None,
         cleanup: bool = False,
         quiet: bool = False,
         quiet_view: bool = False) -> str
 |      Save the source to file, open the rendered result in a viewer.
 |
 |      Convenience short-cut for running ``.render(view=True)``.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          filename: Filename for saving the source
 |              (defaults to ``name`` + ``'.gv'``).
 |          directory: (Sub)directory for source saving and rendering.
 |          cleanup (bool): Delete the source file after successful rendering.
 |          quiet (bool): Suppress ``stderr`` output from the layout subprocess.
 |          quiet_view (bool): Suppress ``stderr`` output
 |              from the viewer process (ineffective on Windows).
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          The (possibly relative) path of the rendered file.
 |
 |      Raises:
 |          graphviz.ExecutableNotFound: If the Graphviz executable
 |              is not found.
 |          graphviz.CalledProcessError: If the exit status is non-zero.
 |          RuntimeError: If opening the viewer is not supported.
 |
 |      Short-cut method for calling :meth:`.render` with ``view=True``.
 |
 |      Note:
 |          There is no option to wait for the application to close,
 |          and no way to retrieve the application's exit status.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Readonly properties inherited from graphviz.saving.Save:
 |
 |  filepath
 |      The target path for saving the DOT source file.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data and other attributes inherited from graphviz.saving.Save:
 |
 |  directory = ''
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.piping.Pipe:
 |
 |  pipe(self,
         format: Optional[str] = None,
         renderer: Optional[str] = None,
         formatter: Optional[str] = None,
         neato_no_op: Union[bool, int, NoneType] = None,
         quiet: bool = False, *,
         engine: Optional[str] = None,
         encoding: Optional[str] = None) -> Union[bytes, str]
 |      Return the source piped through the Graphviz layout command.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          format: The output format used for rendering
 |              (``'pdf'``, ``'png'``, etc.).
 |          renderer: The output renderer used for rendering
 |              (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |          formatter: The output formatter used for rendering
 |              (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |          neato_no_op: Neato layout engine no-op flag.
 |          quiet (bool): Suppress ``stderr`` output
 |              from the layout subprocess.
 |          engine: Layout engine for rendering
 |              (``'dot'``, ``'neato'``, ...).
 |          encoding: Encoding for decoding the stdout.
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          Bytes or if encoding is given decoded string
 |              (stdout of the layout command).
 |
 |      Raises:
 |          ValueError: If ``engine``, ``format``, ``renderer``, or ``formatter``
 |              are unknown.
 |          graphviz.RequiredArgumentError: If ``formatter`` is given
 |              but ``renderer`` is None.
 |          graphviz.ExecutableNotFound: If the Graphviz ``dot`` executable
 |              is not found.
 |          graphviz.CalledProcessError: If the returncode (exit status)
 |              of the rendering ``dot`` subprocess is non-zero.
 |
 |      Example:
 |          >>> doctest_mark_exe()
 |          >>> import graphviz
 |          >>> source = 'graph { spam }'
 |          >>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe()[:14]
 |          b'<?xml version='
 |          >>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe(encoding='ascii')[:14]
 |          '<?xml version='
 |          >>> graphviz.Source(source, format='svg').pipe(encoding='utf-8')[:14]
 |          '<?xml version='
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.unflattening.Unflatten:
 |
 |  unflatten(self,
              stagger: Optional[int] = None,
              fanout: bool = False,
              chain: Optional[int] = None) -> 'graphviz.Source'
 |      Return a new :class:`.Source` instance with the source
 |          piped through the Graphviz *unflatten* preprocessor.
 |
 |      Args:
 |          stagger: Stagger the minimum length
 |              of leaf edges between 1 and this small integer.
 |          fanout: Fanout nodes with indegree = outdegree = 1
 |              when staggering (requires ``stagger``).
 |          chain: Form disconnected nodes into chains
 |              of up to this many nodes.
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          Prepocessed DOT source code (improved layout aspect ratio).
 |
 |      Raises:
 |          graphviz.RequiredArgumentError: If ``fanout`` is given
 |              but ``stagger`` is None.
 |          graphviz.ExecutableNotFound: If the Graphviz ``unflatten`` executable
 |              is not found.
 |          graphviz.CalledProcessError: If the returncode (exit status)
 |              of the unflattening 'unflatten' subprocess is non-zero.
 |
 |      See also:
 |          Upstream documentation:
 |          https://www.graphviz.org/pdf/unflatten.1.pdf
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.encoding.Encoding:
 |
 |  encoding
 |      The encoding for the saved source file.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.base.Base:
 |
 |  __str__(self) -> str
 |      The DOT source code as string.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.base.LineIterable:
 |
 |  __dict__
 |      dictionary for instance variables
 |
 |  __weakref__
 |      list of weak references to the object
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.parameters.engines.Engine:
 |
 |  engine
 |      The layout engine used for rendering
 |      (``'dot'``, ``'neato'``, ...).
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.parameters.formats.Format:
 |
 |  format
 |      The output format used for rendering
 |      (``'pdf'``, ``'png'``, ...).
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.parameters.renderers.Renderer:
 |
 |  renderer
 |      The output renderer used for rendering
 |      (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors inherited from graphviz.parameters.formatters.Formatter:
 |
 |  formatter
 |      The output formatter used for rendering
 |      (``'cairo'``, ``'gd'``, ...).
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Methods inherited from graphviz.copying.CopyBase:
 |
 |  copy(self)
 |      Return a copied instance of the object.
 |
 |      Returns:
 |          An independent copy of the current object.